Episode 11: Nicole Buckenwolf - From Rare Books to Ontologies: A Librarian Inside Spotify
In this episode of The Shush-Free Zone, host Dawn Brushammar sits down with Nicole Buckenwolf, Senior Staff Ontologist at Spotify, to unpack the invisible knowledge systems shaping how millions of people discover music and audiobooks every day.
Nicole’s journey is anything but linear. From growing up in rural Ohio and falling in love with a single encyclopedia volume, to studying medieval history, working in rare book preservation, and eventually finding the way into taxonomy and ontology, Nicole's story is a perfect example of how librarian skill sets show up in the most unexpected places.
We explore what it actually means to be an “ontologist” at Spotify (spoiler: it’s deeply librarian work), how you structure something as subjective and emotional as music, and why ambiguity—yes, even the dreaded “Other” category—is where the real magic happens.
We also get into the realities of building knowledge systems at massive scale, the tension between speed and thoughtful knowledge work in the age of AI, and why librarians might finally be having their moment… even if the hard parts of the work haven’t changed.
If you’ve ever wondered how your Spotify Wrapped comes together, or how machines make sense of something as human as music, this episode is for you.
About Nicole:
Nicole Buckenwolf is a Senior Staff Ontologist at Spotify, where she works on a small central team responsible for ontology/taxonomy and domain modeling across the company's media catalog. The team serves as an expert resource for groups across the organization, helping teams improve interoperability, align their models to best practices, and extend them to new use cases.
Specializing in knowledge representation for subjective and emotionally resonant domains, she builds the frameworks that make concepts like genre, mood, and format structured enough for production systems without losing the human meaning that makes them useful. Her interdisciplinary background spans music, history, linguistics, and the non-profit sector, informing an approach attentive to cultural context and inclusive practice. At Spotify, her work has included building the audiobooks genre classification system and leading genre alignment across teams and platforms. She is drawn to the gaps between how humans experience content and how systems are asked to represent it.